Crimson Publishers-Investigations in Gynecology Research & Womens Health

Introduction: South Africa has one of the highest rates of sexual violence against females in the world [1,2]. Residual outcomes among rape survivors in South Africa are complex, and include symptoms of depression, and post-traumatic stress (PTSS) [3,4] as well as physical and gynecological problems [5,6]. While South African rape survivors report physical and mental health symptoms [7]. We know little about the internal (i.e. self-management) and external (i.e. support from others) coping strategies that they use over time.   Objectives: This study conducted secondary analyses of South African female rape survivors who reported experiences of rape within six months of being interviewed and compared their physical and mental health, coping strategies, rape myths and social undermining of friends and families one year later. The goal is to foster a discussion of post-rape outcomes that may be utilized to develop recovery interventions for South African women rape survivors who may...

The SARS-CoV 2 pandemic is now responsible for over 48 million infections and one million deaths worldwide. Pandemics impact population growth not only by excessive mortality, but also by preventing births. In previous pandemics occurring in the 20 th and 21 st centuries, a trend towards birth rate reduction was observed 9 months later (Figure 1). After the 1918-20 HIN1 influenza pandemic, birth rates dropped by 5 to 15% in comparison to average rates before the pandemic [1]. This drop was related to higher death rates in pregnant patients (case fatality rate of 27%), as well as miscarriages and stillbirths (increased by 0.4% and 2.2% respectively as compared to prior average rates) [1,2]. A rebound in birth rates, however, occurred 1-2 years after this decline [3]. Moreover, several studies have shown that children born in 1919, and thus exposed to the H1N1 virus in utero, experienced worse health and socioeconomic outcomes in older ages than surrounding birth cohorts [4]. SARS-CoV ...

Appropriate antenatal care is proven to play a crucial role in ensuring good outcome of the mother and the baby. Good antenatal care ensures periodic assessment of growth and development of the baby, and supplementation of additional nutrition required for the mother. It also provides prompt recognition of any complication that befall pregnancy, one such dreaded complication being gestational diabetes mellitus. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as the carbohydrate intolerance of varying severity with onset or first recognition in pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM in India is around 3.8-21%, and it is seen more in urban women. Physical environment, ethnicity, genetics, dietary patterns, lifestyle, obesity, family history of diabetes mellitus, and history of GDM in the previous pregnancy are independent risk factors for the development of GDM. Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women differs from the non-pregnant state, where there is an increased demand for metabolic fuel...

  There are perspectives to cure breast cancer, and the main strategy in that way is the exact estimation of tumor dissemination at diagnosis. It is well proved that disseminated tumor cells in the bone marrow are the most important prognostic factor in operable breast cancer [1]. Its prognostic role become visible at late periods after surgery (sometimes, 25 years). Taking in mind that women with breast cancer are around 60-year-old, one may see that the relapses arises usually after 80. It appears in brain, lung and other distant organs as hematologic metastases, and unfortunately, nothing is possible to do in the most of those cases, so the main reasons of deaths in breast cancer are distant metastases. Hematological dissemination of breast cancer takes place at very early stages of the diseases, sometimes even at carcinoma in situ [2]. The main reservoir of tumor cells in the organism is bone marrow [3,4]. Those cells survive for a long time and then wake up and come to some ...

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a silent disease with not much of symptoms until fractures occur. It is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and changes in bone microarchitecture that reduces bone strength and there is increase in risk of fractures [1]. After menopause, estrogen deficiency is the major contributing factor. Because of this there is an increase in RANK-ligand (RANKL) and a decrease in osteoprotegerin (OPG) secretion from osteoblasts. This imbalance induces fast bone loss, and thus there is increase in risk of fractures. WHO has identified osteoporosis as a major public health concern [2]. Osteoporosis is widely recognized as an important public health problem because of the significant morbidity, mortality and costs associated with its complications-namely fractures of the hip, spine, forearm and other skeletal sites [3]. The incidence of fragility fractures is highest among elderly white women, with one in every two women suffering an osteoporosis related frac...

Fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor are fibroepithelial lesions, thus may have similar histopathological appearance and share overlapping clinical as well as radiological features. The distinction between these two lesions is clinically important as both lesions have different management. There is substantial overlap between fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumors. We present a similar case report of a 23 years-old female patient with classical radiological features of phyllodes tumor, which turned out to be a giant type of fibroadenoma on histopathology after surgical excision. Keywords: Giant fibroadenoma; Phyllodes; Mammography; Ultrasound; MRI Abbreviations: BIRADS: Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System Introduction Fibroadenoma is a benign lesion, accounting for well over half of breast tumors, while phyllodes tumor have spectrum of diseases ranging from benign to malignant lesions, accounting for 1% of all breast neoplasms [1]. Fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor are fibroepith...

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a common problem with widespread human and social implication causing discomfort, shame and loss of self-confidence. It not only affects the quality of life but also has significant cost complications. Aim of the Study: To find out the effectiveness of kegel exercise, interferential therapy and transverse abdominis strengthening in treating patients having stress urinary incontinence. Methodology: A total of 50 subjects having stress urinary incontinence at least 6-month duration were recruited randomly. Group 1 experimental group was treated with kegel exercise, interferential therapy and transverse abdominis strengthening and Group 2 conventional group was treated with kegel exercise and transverse abdominis strengthening for five days/week for 4 weeks. Outcome Measures: Urinary incontinence questionnaire, modified oxford scale and transverse abdominis strength by modified sphygmomanometer. Measurements were taken before and at the end of...

Abstract Background: Cervical Diseases associated with Papillomavirus infection are one of the most pressing problems modern gynecology due to the high frequency of occurrence (in the structure gynecological morbidity - from 20 to 45%) and the ability to steady progression of the pathological process. A significant place in the structure of CM pathology is occupied by cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), which are often malignancy. Of particular importance are the issues of oncological transformation of the cervix in patients of reproductive age, taking into account the upcoming implementation of reproductive function. In Russia over the past 15 years, there has been an increase in the proportion of neglected cases of cervical cancer (cervical cancer), which ranks second (after breast cancer) in the structure of malignant tumors in reproductive age in women. Unfortunately, to date, the data of only an anamnesis, general clinical laboratory and instrumental met...

Mini Review Since most of the RNAs/proteins that support the initial phases of embryogenesis are accumulated during oocyte growth [1], knowledge about the effects of oocyte quality on embryo development plays a crucial role in the development of adequate assisted reproduction techniques. In this sense, understanding the requirements of oocytes recovered from different sized follicles is very important to optimize IVM and IVF of oocytes, which can have an excellent impact on the number of embryos produced in vitro. It will also allow analysis of the developmental potential of oocytes at different stages of development, the pattern of gene expression, the epigenetic modifications and the cytogenetic disorders in various domestic species, including humans [2]. Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/igrwh/fulltext/IGRWH.000567.php   Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

Abstract Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are rare ovarian neoplasms. The main treatment for GCT is surgical. The volume of operation depends on the stage of the disease and the age of the patient. The possibility of maintaining fertility in patients of reproductive age in the early stages of the disease and the feasibility of lymphadenectomy are discussed. The positive effect of repeated cytoreductive operations for relapse was demonstrated. Role of chemotherapy in the treatment of GCT, due to the rarity of GCT and the late recurrence of the disease, is still not defined. Adjuvant chemotherapy is not shown to protect against relapse in patients with adult type (AGCT). Hormone therapy is considered to be a promising direction for the palliative treatment of AGCT relapses. Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/igrwh/fulltext/IGRWH.000566.php Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/

  Abstract Vaginal birth is the main risk factor in the development of pelvic floor disorders. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) can prevent prolapse symptoms at 2 years after intervention and could reduce the uptake of treatment. Also, results indicated that PFMT increases the chance of improvement in prolapse stage by 17% compared to no treatment.  Read More About This Article: https://crimsonpublishers.com/igrwh/fulltext/IGRWH.000565.php Read More About Crimson Publishers: https://crimsonpublishers.com/